Apache Pig Group operator

The GROUP operator is used to group data in one or more relationships, and it collects data with the same key.

Grammar

The syntax of the group operator is given below.

grunt> Group_data = GROUP Relation_name BY age;

Cases

Suppose you have a file called pig_data in the HDFS directory /student_details.txt, as shown below.

student_details.txt

001,Rajiv,Reddy,21,9848022337,Hyderabad
002,siddarth,Battacharya,22,9848022338,Kolkata
003,Rajesh,Khanna,22,9848022339,Delhi
004,Preethi,Agarwal,21,9848022330,Pune
005,Trupthi,Mohanthy,23,9848022336,Bhuwaneshwar
006,Archana,Mishra,23,9848022335,Chennai
007,Komal,Nayak,24,9848022334,trivendram
008,Bharathi,Nambiayar,24,9848022333,Chennai

Load this file into Apache Pig with the relationship name student_details, as shown below.

grunt> student_details = LOAD 'hdfs://localhost:9000/pig_data/student_details.txt' USING PigStorage(',')
   as (id:int, firstname:chararray, lastname:chararray, age:int, phone:chararray, city:chararray);

Now, let's group the records/groups in the age relationship, as shown below.

grunt> group_data = GROUP student_details by age;

Verify

Use the DUMP operator to validate the relationship group_data, as shown below.

grunt> Dump group_data;

Output

You'll get an output group_data a relationship called a relationship, as shown below. Here you can observe that there are two columns of result patterns:

• One is age, through which we group relationships.

• The other is bag, which contains a set of groups with student records of their respective ages.

(21,{(4,Preethi,Agarwal,21,9848022330,Pune),(1,Rajiv,Reddy,21,9848022337,Hydera bad)})
(22,{(3,Rajesh,Khanna,22,9848022339,Delhi),(2,siddarth,Battacharya,22,984802233 8,Kolkata)})
(23,{(6,Archana,Mishra,23,9848022335,Chennai),(5,Trupthi,Mohanthy,23,9848022336 ,Bhuwaneshwar)})
(24,{(8,Bharathi,Nambiayar,24,9848022333,Chennai),(7,Komal,Nayak,24,9848022334, trivendram)})

After you group the data using the describe command, you can see the pattern of the table, as shown below.

grunt> Describe group_data;
  
group_data: {group: int,student_details: {(id: int,firstname: chararray,
               lastname: chararray,age: int,phone: chararray,city: chararray)}}

In the same way, you can use the illustrate command to get an example description of the pattern, as shown below.

$ Illustrate group_data;

It will produce the following output

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
|group_data|  group:int | student_details:bag{:tuple(id:int,firstname:chararray,lastname:chararray,age:int,phone:chararray,city:chararray)}|
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
|          |     21     | { 4, Preethi, Agarwal, 21, 9848022330, Pune), (1, Rajiv, Reddy, 21, 9848022337, Hyderabad)}| 
|          |     2      | {(2,siddarth,Battacharya,22,9848022338,Kolkata),(003,Rajesh,Khanna,22,9848022339,Delhi)}| 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Group by multiple columns

Let's group relationships by age and city, as shown below.

grunt> group_multiple = GROUP student_details by (age, city);

You can use the Dump operator to validate the contents group_multiple a relationship called the file, as shown below.

grunt> Dump group_multiple; 
  
((21,Pune),{(4,Preethi,Agarwal,21,9848022330,Pune)})
((21,Hyderabad),{(1,Rajiv,Reddy,21,9848022337,Hyderabad)})
((22,Delhi),{(3,Rajesh,Khanna,22,9848022339,Delhi)})
((22,Kolkata),{(2,siddarth,Battacharya,22,9848022338,Kolkata)})
((23,Chennai),{(6,Archana,Mishra,23,9848022335,Chennai)})
((23,Bhuwaneshwar),{(5,Trupthi,Mohanthy,23,9848022336,Bhuwaneshwar)})
((24,Chennai),{(8,Bharathi,Nambiayar,24,9848022333,Chennai)})
(24,trivendram),{(7,Komal,Nayak,24,9848022334,trivendram)})

Group All

You can group relationships by all columns, as shown below.

grunt> group_all = GROUP student_details All;

Now, verify that the relationship group_all content, as shown below.

grunt> Dump group_all;  
  
(all,{(8,Bharathi,Nambiayar,24,9848022333,Chennai),(7,Komal,Nayak,24,9848022334 ,trivendram), 
(6,Archana,Mishra,23,9848022335,Chennai),(5,Trupthi,Mohanthy,23,9848022336,Bhuw aneshwar), 
(4,Preethi,Agarwal,21,9848022330,Pune),(3,Rajesh,Khanna,22,9848022339,Delhi), 
(2,siddarth,Battacharya,22,9848022338,Kolkata),(1,Rajiv,Reddy,21,9848022337,Hyd erabad)})