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How are web shells installed in web applications?


Asked by Brooklyn Henry on Dec 14, 2021 Web Services



Web shells are installed through vulnerabilities in web application or weak server security configuration including the following: File processing and uploading vulnerabilities, which can be mitigated by e.g. limiting the file types that can be uploaded;
Keeping this in consideration,
Installation of a web shell is commonly accomplished through web application vulnerabilities or configuration weaknesses. Therefore, identification and closure of these vulnerabilities is crucial to avoiding potential compromise. The following suggestions specify good security and web shell specific practices:
Likewise, A web-shell is a malicious script used by an attacker with the intent to escalate and maintain persistent access on an already compromised web application. A web-shell itself cannot attack or exploit a remote vulnerability, so it is always the second step of an attack (this stage is also referred to as post-exploitation).
Next,
Most web-shells are written in popular scripting languages known to be supported by most of the web servers, this may be PHP, Python, Ruby, Perl, ASP and Unix Shell Script.
In this manner,
Web shells can be built using any of several languages that are popular with web applications. Within each language, there are several means of executing arbitrary commands and there are multiple means for arbitrary attacker input.