AOP-based XML architecture in Spring

AOP-based XML architecture in Spring

In order to use the aop namespace label in the description in this section, you need to import the spring-aop j schema, as follows:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">

   <!-- bean definition & AOP specific configuration -->

</beans>

You also need to use the following AspectJ library files in CLASSPATH for your application. T hese library files are available in the 'lib' directory of an AspectJ appliance, otherwise you can download them over the Internet. (Note: aspectjweaver.jar other packages included)

• aspectjrt.jar

• aspectjweaver.jar

• aspectj.jar

• aopalliance.jar

Declare a aspect

A aspect is declared using the element, and the supported beans are referenced using the ref property, as follows:

<aop:config>
   <aop:aspect id="myAspect" ref="aBean">
   ...
   </aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
<bean id="aBean" class="...">
...
</bean>

Here, "aBean" is configured and dependency injected, just like the other Spring beans you saw in the previous chapter.

Declares an entry point

An entry point helps you identify points of interest (that is, methods) that are performed with different recommendations. When working with a configuration-based XML schema, the entry point is defined as follows:

<aop:config>
   <aop:aspect id="myAspect" ref="aBean">
   <aop:pointcut id="businessService"
      expression="execution(* com.xyz.myapp.service.*.*(..))"/>
   ...
   </aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
<bean id="aBean" class="...">
...
</bean>

The following example defines an entry point called "businessService" that matches the getName() method in the Student class under the com.tutorialspoint package:

<aop:config>
   <aop:aspect id="myAspect" ref="aBean">
   <aop:pointcut id="businessService"
      expression="execution(* com.tutorialspoint.Student.getName(..))"/>
   ...
   </aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
<bean id="aBean" class="...">
...
</bean>

Declare recommendations

You can declare any five-in-five types of notifications in the .lt;aop:aspect;,"

<aop:config>
   <aop:aspect id="myAspect" ref="aBean">
      <aop:pointcut id="businessService"
         expression="execution(* com.xyz.myapp.service.*.*(..))"/>
      <!-- a before advice definition -->
      <aop:before pointcut-ref="businessService" 
         method="doRequiredTask"/>
      <!-- an after advice definition -->
      <aop:after pointcut-ref="businessService" 
         method="doRequiredTask"/>
      <!-- an after-returning advice definition -->
      <!--The doRequiredTask method must have parameter named retVal -->
      <aop:after-returning pointcut-ref="businessService"
         returning="retVal"
         method="doRequiredTask"/>
      <!-- an after-throwing advice definition -->
      <!--The doRequiredTask method must have parameter named ex -->
      <aop:after-throwing pointcut-ref="businessService"
         throwing="ex"
         method="doRequiredTask"/>
      <!-- an around advice definition -->
      <aop:around pointcut-ref="businessService" 
         method="doRequiredTask"/>
   ...
   </aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
<bean id="aBean" class="...">
...
</bean>

You can use the same doRequiredTask or different methods for different recommendations. These methods are defined as part of the aspect module.

An example of an AOP-based XML schema

To understand the concept of AOP-based XML architecture mentioned above, let's write an example that implements a few recommendations. To use a few suggestions in our example, let's put the Eclipse IDE to work, and then follow these steps to create a Spring application:

Here is the .java Logging file. This is actually an example of a aspect module that defines methods called at various points.

package com.tutorialspoint;
public class Logging {
   /** 
    * This is the method which I would like to execute
    * before a selected method execution.
    */
   public void beforeAdvice(){
      System.out.println("Going to setup student profile.");
   }
   /** 
    * This is the method which I would like to execute
    * after a selected method execution.
    */
   public void afterAdvice(){
      System.out.println("Student profile has been setup.");
   }
   /** 
    * This is the method which I would like to execute
    * when any method returns.
    */
   public void afterReturningAdvice(Object retVal){
      System.out.println("Returning:" + retVal.toString() );
   }
   /**
    * This is the method which I would like to execute
    * if there is an exception raised.
    */
   public void AfterThrowingAdvice(IllegalArgumentException ex){
      System.out.println("There has been an exception: " + ex.toString());   
   }  
}

Here's .java student file:

package com.tutorialspoint;
public class Student {
   private Integer age;
   private String name;
   public void setAge(Integer age) {
      this.age = age;
   }
   public Integer getAge() {
      System.out.println("Age : " + age );
      return age;
   }
   public void setName(String name) {
      this.name = name;
   }
   public String getName() {
      System.out.println("Name : " + name );
      return name;
   }  
   public void printThrowException(){
       System.out.println("Exception raised");
       throw new IllegalArgumentException();
   }
}

Here's what .java mainApp files are:

package com.tutorialspoint;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class MainApp {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ApplicationContext context = 
             new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
      Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
      student.getName();
      student.getAge();      
      student.printThrowException();
   }
}

Here's the profile .xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">

   <aop:config>
      <aop:aspect id="log" ref="logging">
         <aop:pointcut id="selectAll" 
         expression="execution(* com.tutorialspoint.*.*(..))"/>
         <aop:before pointcut-ref="selectAll" method="beforeAdvice"/>
         <aop:after pointcut-ref="selectAll" method="afterAdvice"/>
         <aop:after-returning pointcut-ref="selectAll" 
                              returning="retVal"
                              method="afterReturningAdvice"/>
         <aop:after-throwing pointcut-ref="selectAll" 
                             throwing="ex"
                             method="AfterThrowingAdvice"/>
      </aop:aspect>
   </aop:config>

   <!-- Definition for student bean -->
   <bean id="student" class="com.tutorialspoint.Student">
      <property name="name"  value="Zara" />
      <property name="age"  value="11"/>      
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for logging aspect -->
   <bean id="logging" class="com.tutorialspoint.Logging"/> 

</beans>

Once you've finished creating the source file and bean profile, let's run the application. If your application is all right, this will output the following message:

Going to setup student profile.
Name : Zara
Student profile has been setup.
Returning:Zara
Going to setup student profile.
Age : 11
Student profile has been setup.
Returning:11
Going to setup student profile.
Exception raised
Student profile has been setup.
There has been an exception: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
.....
other exception content

Let's explain the selection of all methods in com.tutorialspoint as defined above. Let's say that you want to execute your recommendations before or after a particular method, and you can shorten your execution by replacing the asterisk in the entry point definition that uses the real class and method names.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">

   <aop:config>
   <aop:aspect id="log" ref="logging">
      <aop:pointcut id="selectAll" 
      expression="execution(* com.tutorialspoint.Student.getName(..))"/>
      <aop:before pointcut-ref="selectAll" method="beforeAdvice"/>
      <aop:after pointcut-ref="selectAll" method="afterAdvice"/>
   </aop:aspect>
   </aop:config>

   <!-- Definition for student bean -->
   <bean id="student" class="com.tutorialspoint.Student">
      <property name="name"  value="Zara" />
      <property name="age"  value="11"/>      
   </bean>

   <!-- Definition for logging aspect -->
   <bean id="logging" class="com.tutorialspoint.Logging"/> 

</beans>

If you want to execute the sample application after passing these changes, this will output the following message:

Going to setup student profile.
Name : Zara
Student profile has been setup.
Age : 11
Exception raised
.....
other exception content