May 15, 2021 Servlet
Servlets can be used with HTML form tags to allow users to upload files to the server. The uploaded file can be a text file or an image file or any document.
The following HTML code creates a file upload form. Here are a few points to note:
<html>
<head>
<title>文件上传表单</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>文件上传：</h3>
请选择要上传的文件：<br />
<form action="UploadServlet" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<input type="file" name="file" size="50" />
<br />
<input type="submit" value="上传文件" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
This displays the following results, allowing the user to select a file from the local computer, and when the user clicks Upload File, the form is submitted along with the file selected from the local computer:
<b>文件上传：</b>
请选择要上传的文件：<br />
<input type="file" name="file" size="50" />
<br />
<input type="button" value="上传文件" />
<br />
注：这只是虚拟的表单，不会正常工作。
The following is the Servlet UploadServlet, which accepts the uploaded file and stores it in the directory. This directory name can also be added using an external configuration, such as the context-param element in the web .xml, as follows:
<web-app>
....
<context-param>
<description>Location to store uploaded file</description>
<param-name>file-upload</param-name>
<param-value>
c:\apache-tomcat-5.5.29\webapps\data\
</param-value>
</context-param>
....
</web-app>
The following is the source code for UploadServlet, which can handle multiple file uploads at once. Before you proceed, confirm the following:
// 导入必需的 java 库
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.apache.commons.io.output.*;
public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
private boolean isMultipart;
private String filePath;
private int maxFileSize = 50 * 1024;
private int maxMemSize = 4 * 1024;
private File file ;
public void init( ){
// 获取文件将被存储的位置
filePath =
getServletContext().getInitParameter("file-upload");
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, java.io.IOException {
// 检查我们有一个文件上传请求
isMultipart = ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request);
response.setContentType("text/html");
java.io.PrintWriter out = response.getWriter( );
if( !isMultipart ){
out.println("<html>");
out.println("<head>");
out.println("<title>Servlet upload</title>");
out.println("</head>");
out.println("<body>");
out.println("<p>No file uploaded</p>");
out.println("</body>");
out.println("</html>");
return;
}
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
// 文件大小的最大值将被存储在内存中
factory.setSizeThreshold(maxMemSize);
// Location to save data that is larger than maxMemSize.
factory.setRepository(new File("c:\\temp"));
// 创建一个新的文件上传处理程序
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
// 允许上传的文件大小的最大值
upload.setSizeMax( maxFileSize );
try{
// 解析请求，获取文件项
List fileItems = upload.parseRequest(request);
// 处理上传的文件项
Iterator i = fileItems.iterator();
out.println("<html>");
out.println("<head>");
out.println("<title>Servlet upload</title>");
out.println("</head>");
out.println("<body>");
while ( i.hasNext () )
{
FileItem fi = (FileItem)i.next();
if ( !fi.isFormField () )
{
// 获取上传文件的参数
String fieldName = fi.getFieldName();
String fileName = fi.getName();
String contentType = fi.getContentType();
boolean isInMemory = fi.isInMemory();
long sizeInBytes = fi.getSize();
// 写入文件
if( fileName.lastIndexOf("\\") >= 0 ){
file = new File( filePath +
fileName.substring( fileName.lastIndexOf("\\"))) ;
}else{
file = new File( filePath +
fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("\\")+1)) ;
}
fi.write( file ) ;
out.println("Uploaded Filename: " + fileName + "<br>");
}
}
out.println("</body>");
out.println("</html>");
}catch(Exception ex) {
System.out.println(ex);
}
}
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, java.io.IOException {
throw new ServletException("GET method used with " +
getClass( ).getName( )+": POST method required.");
}
}
Compile the Servlet UploadServlet above and create the .xml in the web server file, as follows:
<servlet>
<servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>UploadServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>UploadServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/UploadServlet</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
Now try using the HTML form you created above to upload the file. When you access: When you http://localhost:8080/UploadFile.htm browser, it displays the following results, which will help you upload any files from your local computer.
<b>文件上传：</b>
请选择要上传的文件：<br />
<input type="file" name="file" size="50" />
<br />
<input type="button" value="上传文件" />
If your Servelt script works, your files will be uploaded to the directory of c:?apache-tomcat-5.5.29?webapps\data?directory.