The data type of the C+

The type of data for C+

Basic built-in type

It provides programmers with a wide variety of built-in data types and user-defined data types. The following table lists seven basic types of data for C?

Some basic types can be decorated with one or more type modifiers:

• signed
• unsigned
• short
• long

The following table shows the memory that various variable types need to consume to store values in memory, as well as the maximum and minimum values that variables of that type can store.

Note: Different systems may vary.

As you can see from the table above, the size of the variables will vary depending on the compiler and the computer you are using.

The following example outputs the size of the various data types on your computer.

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
   cout << "Size of char : " << sizeof(char) << endl;
   cout << "Size of int : " << sizeof(int) << endl;
   cout << "Size of short int : " << sizeof(short int) << endl;
   cout << "Size of long int : " << sizeof(long int) << endl;
   cout << "Size of float : " << sizeof(float) << endl;
   cout << "Size of double : " << sizeof(double) << endl;
   cout << "Size of wchar_t : " << sizeof(wchar_t) << endl;
   return 0;
}

This example uses endl, which inserts a line break after each line, which is used to pass multiple values to the screen. We also use the sizeof() function to get the sizes of various data types.

When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following results, which vary depending on the computer you are using:

Size of char : 1
Size of int : 4
Size of short int : 2
Size of long int : 4
Size of float : 4
Size of double : 8
Size of wchar_t : 4

Typedef declaration

You can use typedef to get a new name for an existing type. Here's how to define a new type of syntax using typedef:

typedef type newname; 

For example, the following statement tells the compiler that feet is another name for int:

typedef int feet;

Now that the following declaration is perfectly legal, it creates an integer variable, distance:

feet distance;

The enumerity type

The enumeration type declares an optional type name and a set of identifiers that are used as values for that type. I t has zero or more identifiers that can be used as values for that type. Each enumeral is a constant of enumeral types.

To create an enumerate, you need to use the keyword enum. The general form of enumeration types is:

enum enum-name { list of names } var-list; 

Here, enum-name is the name of the enum-name enumerus type. The list of names, list of names, is separated by a comma.

For example, the following code defines a color enumerity, and the type of variable c is color. Finally, c is assigned "blue".

enum color { red, green, blue } c;
c = blue;

By default, the value of the first name is 0, the value of the second name is 1, the value of the third name is 2, and so on. H owever, you can also give the name a special value, just add an initial value. For example, in the enumeration below, the value of green is 5.

enum color { red, green=5, blue };

Here, the value of blue is 6, because by default, each name is 1 bigger than the one before it.