May 16, 2021 SQLite
The HAVING clause allows you to specify criteria to filter the grouped results that will appear in the final result.
The WHERE clause sets conditions on the selected column, while the HAVING clause sets conditions on groups created by the GROUP BY clause.
Here's where the HAVING clause is in the SELECT query:
SELECT FROM WHERE GROUP BY HAVING ORDER BY
In a query, the HAVING clause must be placed after the GROUP BY clause and before the ORDER BY clause. Here is the syntax of the SELECT statement that contains the HAVING clause:
SELECT column1, column2 FROM table1, table2 WHERE [ conditions ] GROUP BY column1, column2 HAVING [ conditions ] ORDER BY column1, column2
Suppose the COMPANY table has the following records:
ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 1 Paul 32 California 20000.0 2 Allen 25 Texas 15000.0 3 Teddy 23 Norway 20000.0 4 Mark 25 Rich-Mond 65000.0 5 David 27 Texas 85000.0 6 Kim 22 South-Hall 45000.0 7 James 24 Houston 10000.0 8 Paul 24 Houston 20000.0 9 James 44 Norway 5000.0 10 James 45 Texas 5000.0
Here's an instance that shows all records with a name count less than 2:
sqlite > SELECT * FROM COMPANY GROUP BY name HAVING count(name) < 2;
This results in the following:
ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 2 Allen 25 Texas 15000 5 David 27 Texas 85000 6 Kim 22 South-Hall 45000 4 Mark 25 Rich-Mond 65000 3 Teddy 23 Norway 20000
Here is an instance that shows all records with a name count greater than 2:
sqlite > SELECT * FROM COMPANY GROUP BY name HAVING count(name) > 2;
This results in the following:
ID NAME AGE ADDRESS SALARY ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 10 James 45 Texas 5000