python GUI Programming (Tkinter)

python GUI Programming (Tkinter)

Python provides libraries for multiple graphical development interfaces, and several common Python GUI libraries are as follows:

• Tkinter： T he Tkinter module ("Tk interface") is the interface to Python's standard Tk GUI toolkit. T k and Tkinter can be used on most Unix platforms, as well as in Windows and Macintosh systems. S ubsequent versions of Tk8.0 achieve local window style and run well on most platforms.
• wxPython: wxPython is an open source software that is an excellent GUI graphics library in the Python language, allowing Python programmers to easily create a complete, functionally keyed GUI user interface.
• Jython： J ython programs can integrate seamlessly with Java. I n addition to some standard modules, Jython uses Java modules. J ython has almost all the modules in the standard Python that are not dependent on the C language. F or example, Jython's user interface will use Swing, AWT, or SWT. J ython can be compiled dynamically or statically into Java bytecode.

Tkinter programming

Tkinter is Python's standard GUI library. Python uses Tkinter to quickly create GUI applications.

Because Tkinter is built into Python's installation package, you can import the Tkinter library as soon as Python is installed, and IDLE is written from Tkinter, Tkinter is still well-prepared for a simple graphical interface.

Note:P version of ython3.x uses a library called tkinter, which means that the initials T are lowercase:

import tkinter

Create a GUI program

• 1, import Tkinter module
• 2, create controls
• 3, specify the master of this control, that is, which control belongs to
• 4, tell gm (geometry manager) that a control has been produced.

Instance:

#!/usr/bin/python

import Tkinter
top = Tkinter.Tk()
# 进入消息循环
top.mainloop()

The above code execution results are as follows:

Example 2:

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

from Tkinter import *           # 导入 Tkinter 库
root = Tk()                     # 创建窗口对象的背景色
                                # 创建两个列表
li     = ['C','python','php','html','SQL','java']
movie  = ['CSS','jQuery','Bootstrap']
listb  = Listbox(root)          #  创建两个列表组件
listb2 = Listbox(root)
for item in li:                 # 第一个小部件插入数据
    listb.insert(0,item)

for item in movie:              # 第二个小部件插入数据
    listb2.insert(0,item)

listb.pack()                    # 将小部件放置到主窗口中
listb2.pack()
root.mainloop()                 # 进入消息循环

The above code execution results are as follows:

The Tkinter component

Tkinter offers a variety of controls such as buttons, labels, and text boxes that are used in a GUI application. These controls are often referred to as controls or parts.

There are currently 15 Tkinter parts. We present these parts as well as a brief introduction in the table below:

The standard property

Standard properties are common to all controls, such as size, font, color, and so on.

Geometric management

Tkinter controls have specific geometric state management methods that manage the entire control area organization, and one is the geometric management classes exposed by Tkinter: packages, meshes, locations